Question

identify the part of the cell that corresponds to each function described. directs cell processes; contains the cells dna; stores information for cell growth, function, and reproduction double membrane that surrounds the nucleus helps manufacture proteins produces ribosomes inside the nucleus site of ribosome attachment; can be smooth or rough modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport outside the cell membrane - bound storage area within the cell vesicle that contains substances that digest excess or worn - out organelles structure near the nucleus that functions during cell division converts fuel particles (sugars) into useable energy captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis gives support to plant cells projections that allow the cell to move or to move substances along the surface of the cell

Explanation:

1. Nucleus: It is the control center of the cell. It contains the cell's DNA which has the genetic information for cell growth, function, and reproduction and directs cell processes.
2. Nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope): It is a double - membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus, separating the nuclear contents from the cytoplasm.
3. Ribosomes: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis. They can be free - floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
4. Nucleolus: It is a dense structure inside the nucleus and is responsible for producing ribosomes.
5. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): The rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface (giving it a rough appearance) and is involved in protein synthesis and transport. The smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, etc.
6. Golgi apparatus: It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins (and lipids) into vesicles for transport, either within the cell or outside the cell.
7. Vacuole: It is a membrane - bound organelle that can store various substances such as water, nutrients, and waste products. In plant cells, there is usually a large central vacuole.
8. Lysosome: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. They can fuse with vesicles containing excess or worn - out organelles (or food particles) and digest them.
9. Centrosome: In animal cells, the centrosome (which contains centrioles) is located near the nucleus. It plays a crucial role in organizing the microtubules during cell division.
10. Mitochondrion: It is the powerhouse of the cell. Through cellular respiration, it converts fuel particles (such as glucose) into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's usable form of energy.
11. Chloroplast: Found in plant cells and some protists, chloroplasts contain chlorophyll. They capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy (glucose) through the process of photosynthesis.
12. Cell wall: In plant cells (also in some fungi and bacteria), the cell wall is a rigid structure made of cellulose (in plants). It provides support and protection to the plant cell.
13. Cilia and flagella: Cilia are short, hair - like projections, and flagella are longer, whip - like projections. They can move the cell (e.g., sperm cells use flagella to move) or move substances along the cell surface (e.g., cilia in the respiratory tract move mucus).

Answer:

1. Nucleus
2. Nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope)
3. Ribosomes
4. Nucleolus
5. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
6. Golgi apparatus
7. Vacuole
8. Lysosome
9. Centrosome
10. Mitochondrion
11. Chloroplast
12. Cell wall
13. Cilia and flagella