Question

identify homologous pairs of chromos
which phrases describe homologous chromosomes?
they have the same genes in the same order.
one is inherited from one parent, and one is inherited from the other parent.
they are the product of copying the chromosomes.
they can contain the same or different alleles.
done

Explanation:

• They have the same genes in the same order: Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes at the same loci (positions). For example, in humans, chromosome 1 from the mother and chromosome 1 from the father are homologous and have genes for the same traits (like eye - color - related genes) in the same linear order.
• One is inherited from one parent, and one is inherited from the other parent: In diploid organisms (like humans with 2n = 46 chromosomes), one set of chromosomes (n = 23) comes from the mother (in the egg) and one set (n = 23) comes from the father (in the sperm). These paired chromosomes (e.g., maternal chromosome 2 and paternal chromosome 2) are homologous.
• They can contain the same or different alleles: Alleles are alternative forms of a gene. For example, for a gene controlling flower color in plants, one allele could code for red flowers and another for white flowers. Homologous chromosomes can have the same allele (homozygous condition, e.g., both alleles for flower color are red - coding) or different alleles (heterozygous condition, e.g., one allele for red and one for white).
• They are the product of copying the chromosomes: This is incorrect. Homologous chromosomes are not the result of chromosome copying (which occurs during DNA replication in the S - phase of the cell cycle, creating sister chromatids). Homologous chromosomes are separate entities, one from each parent.

Answer:

They have the same genes in the same order, One is inherited from one parent, and one is inherited from the other parent, They can contain the same or different alleles.