Question

as the \third force\ in psychology, ------ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists view of humans passively reacting to the environment.
○ reciprocal determinism
○ feminism
○ biological determinism
○ humanism

Explanation:

Humanism is known as the "third force" in psychology. It emphasizes the positive aspects of human nature, personal growth, and free will. It reacts against the deterministic and somewhat pessimistic views of psychoanalysis (which focuses on unconscious drives and early childhood experiences) and behaviorism (which sees humans as passively reacting to the environment). Biological determinism focuses on biological factors influencing behavior. Feminism is a social - political movement. Reciprocal determinism is a concept in social - cognitive theory (not the "third force").

Answer:

humanism