Question

fill in the blank with an appropriate word, phrase, or symbol(s).

probability determined by the relative frequency of occurrence of an event, or actual observations of an experiment is called ________ probability.

theoretical
recessive
empirical
dominant

Explanation:

Identify the definition of probability based on observations

The question asks for the term that describes probability determined by the relative frequency of occurrence of an event, or actual observations of an experiment.

Compare the options

• theoretical: Probability based on reasoning or mathematical analysis of all possible outcomes (e.g., a fair coin has a \(0.5\) chance of landing heads).
• empirical: Probability based on actual trials, experiments, or historical data (relative frequency of occurrence).
• recessive / dominant: These are genetic terms, not standard types of mathematical probability.

Therefore, the correct term is "empirical".

Answer:

Probability determined by the relative frequency of occurrence of an event, or actual observations of an experiment is called <blank>empirical</blank> probability.