Question

explain what \statistical significance\ means.
choose the correct explanation below.
a. statistical significance means that the result observed in a sample is unusual when the null hypothesis is assumed to be true.
b. statistical significance means that the sample standard deviation is unusually small, resulting in an unusually large test statistic.
c. statistical significance means that the scenario being analyzed will have a meaningful real - world impact
d. statistical significance means that the tools used to measure the data introduce error that needs to be accounted for when considering whether or not to reject the null hypothesis.
e. statistical significance means that the null hypothesis claims the population proportion is equal to something other than 0.5

Explanation:

Statistical significance is a concept in hypothesis testing. When we conduct a hypothesis test, we assume the null hypothesis ($H_0$) is true. If the result (such as a sample statistic) we observe in our sample is very unlikely (unusual) to occur when the null hypothesis is assumed to be true, we say the result is statistically significant. This is the basis for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis.

Answer:

A. Statistical significance means that the result observed in a sample is unusual when the null hypothesis is assumed to be true.