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for each problem, find the: x and y intercepts, x - coordinates of the …

Question

for each problem, find the: x and y intercepts, x - coordinates of the critical points, open intervals wher the function is increasing and decreasing, x - coordinates of the inflection points, open intervals where th function is concave up and concave down, and relative minima and maxima. using this information, sketch the graph of the function.

  1. ( y = -\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2} )

Explanation:

Step1: 求\(x\),\(y\)轴截距

  • \(y\)轴截距:令\(x = 0\),代入\(y=-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}\),得\(y = 0\)。
  • \(x\)轴截距:令\(y = 0\),即\(-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}=0\),提取公因式\(x^{2}\)得\(x^{2}(1-\frac{x}{3}) = 0\),解得\(x = 0\)或\(x = 3\)。

Step2: 求一阶导数,确定单调区间和极值

  • 对\(y=-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}\)求导,\(y^\prime=-x^{2}+2x\),令\(y^\prime = 0\),即\(-x^{2}+2x=0\),提取公因式\(-x\)得\(-x(x - 2)=0\),解得\(x = 0\)或\(x = 2\)(\(x\)坐标的临界点)。
  • 当\(x\lt0\)时,\(y^\prime=-x(x - 2)\lt0\),函数\(y\)单调递减;
  • 当\(0\lt x\lt2\)时,\(y^\prime=-x(x - 2)\gt0\),函数\(y\)单调递增;
  • 当\(x\gt2\)时,\(y^\prime=-x(x - 2)\lt0\),函数\(y\)单调递减。
  • 根据极值判定:
  • 当\(x = 0\)时,\(y=0\),函数\(y\)取得极小值;
  • 当\(x = 2\)时,\(y=-\frac{8}{3}+4=\frac{4}{3}\),函数\(y\)取得极大值。

Step3: 求二阶导数,确定凹凸区间和拐点

  • 对\(y^\prime=-x^{2}+2x\)求导,\(y^{\prime\prime}=-2x + 2\),令\(y^{\prime\prime}=0\),即\(-2x + 2 = 0\),解得\(x = 1\)(\(x\)坐标的拐点)。
  • 当\(x\lt1\)时,\(y^{\prime\prime}=-2x + 2\gt0\),函数\(y\)的图像是凹的;
  • 当\(x\gt1\)时,\(y^{\prime\prime}=-2x + 2\lt0\),函数\(y\)的图像是凸的。

Answer:

  • \(x\)轴截距:\(x = 0\),\(x = 3\);\(y\)轴截距:\(y = 0\)。
  • \(x\)坐标的临界点:\(x = 0\),\(x = 2\)。
  • 单调区间:函数\(y\)在\((-\infty,0)\)和\((2,+\infty)\)上单调递减,在\((0,2)\)上单调递增。
  • \(x\)坐标的拐点:\(x = 1\)。
  • 凹凸区间:函数\(y\)在\((-\infty,1)\)上是凹的,在\((1,+\infty)\)上是凸的。
  • 极值:极小值\(y(0)=0\),极大值\(y(2)=\frac{4}{3}\)。

根据以上信息可绘制函数\(y =-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}\)的图像。