Question

during meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material to increase genetic variation. what is this process called? a crossing - over b chromosome replication c translation d transcription

Explanation:

• Crossing - over: Occurs during meiosis. Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material (segments of DNA). This leads to new combinations of genes on the chromosomes, increasing genetic variation.
• Chromosome replication: Is the process of making an identical copy of a chromosome. It occurs before cell division (including meiosis) but does not involve the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
• Translation: Is a process in gene expression. It occurs in the cytoplasm, where ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the information in mRNA. It has no relation to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
• Transcription: Is also a part of gene expression. It occurs in the nucleus (in eukaryotes) and involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template. It does not involve chromosome - to - chromosome genetic material exchange.

Answer:

A. Crossing - over