Question

chromosomes
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how can the two chromosomes that make up a homologous pair differ?
they can contain different alleles for the same trait.
they can contain genes that code for different traits.
they can contain the same genes in different orders.
they can contain a different number of genes.
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Explanation:

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern. They carry genes for the same traits at the same loci. However, the alleles (different forms of a gene) for a particular trait can differ between the two chromosomes in a homologous pair. For example, one chromosome may have the allele for blue eyes and the other for brown eyes at the eye - color gene locus.
Genes on homologous chromosomes code for the same traits (so the option "They can contain genes that code for different traits" is wrong). Homologous chromosomes have the same linear order of genes (so "They can contain the same genes in different orders" is wrong). Also, homologous chromosomes have the same number of genes (so "They can contain a different number of genes" is wrong).

Answer:

They can contain different alleles for the same trait.