cell membrane and cell transport webquest
name
task 1: inside the cell membrane video
watch the inside the cell membrane video by the amoeba sisters on youtube and answer the following questions.
full url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbcwvszqons&vl=en
tiny url: https://tinyurl.com/yyxhy4la
1. what does the term \semi - permeable\ mean?
2. which cell organelle controls what goes in and out of cells?
3. true or false: all types of cells have a cell membrane.
4. use the terms to label the diagram of the phospholipid.
- terms: head, tail, polar, nonpolar, hydrophilic, hydrophobic
(diagram of phospholipid)
5. what is the role of cholesterol in a phospholipid bilayer?
6. what is the role of integral proteins?
7. what are two functions of peripheral proteins?
8. what are the roles of glycoproteins and glycolipids?

Question

cell membrane and cell transport webquest
name
task 1: inside the cell membrane video
watch the inside the cell membrane video by the amoeba sisters on youtube and answer the following questions.
full url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbcwvszqons&vl=en
tiny url: https://tinyurl.com/yyxhy4la
1. what does the term \semi - permeable\ mean?
2. which cell organelle controls what goes in and out of cells?
3. true or false: all types of cells have a cell membrane.
4. use the terms to label the diagram of the phospholipid.
   - terms: head, tail, polar, nonpolar, hydrophilic, hydrophobic
(diagram of phospholipid)
5. what is the role of cholesterol in a phospholipid bilayer?
6. what is the role of integral proteins?
7. what are two functions of peripheral proteins?
8. what are the roles of glycoproteins and glycolipids?

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
“Semi - permeable” means that a membrane (or a barrier) allows only certain substances to pass through it, while restricting the passage of others. For example, the cell membrane allows small, non - polar molecules and some polar molecules like water to pass through, but it restricts the passage of large, charged molecules.
# Answer:
A semi - permeable membrane allows only certain substances to pass through it, while blocking the passage of others.

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane) is the cell organelle that controls what goes in and out of the cell. It acts as a selective barrier, regulating the transport of substances such as nutrients, gases, and waste products between the cell and its external environment.
# Answer:
The cell membrane (plasma membrane) controls what goes in and out of cells.

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
All cells, whether they are prokaryotic (like bacteria) or eukaryotic (like plant and animal cells), have a cell membrane. The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the cell's internal environment, regulating the entry and exit of substances, and providing a boundary for the cell. So the statement is true.
# Answer:
True

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
1. For the head part of the phospholipid (the circular part in the diagram):
   - The head is polar.
   - The head is hydrophilic (water - loving) because of its polar nature.
   - And this part is labeled as the “head” of the phospholipid.
2. For the tail part of the phospholipid (the two curved parts in the diagram):
   - The tail is nonpolar.
   - The tail is hydrophobic (water - fearing) because of its nonpolar nature.
   - And this part is labeled as the “tail” of the phospholipid.

So, for the upper (head) section of the phospholipid diagram:
- Top label: head
- Middle label: polar
- Bottom label: hydrophilic

For the lower (tail) section of the phospholipid diagram:
- Top label: tail
- Middle label: nonpolar
- Bottom label: hydrophobic

(The labels should be placed in the corresponding lines next to the head and tail regions of the phospholipid diagram as per the above descriptions.)
# Answer:
- Head region (upper) labels (from top to bottom): head, polar, hydrophilic
- Tail region (lower) labels (from top to bottom): tail, nonpolar, hydrophobic

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
In a phospholipid bilayer, cholesterol plays a role in regulating the fluidity of the membrane. At high temperatures, it restricts the movement of phospholipid tails, preventing the membrane from becoming too fluid. At low temperatures, it prevents the phospholipid tails from packing too closely together, thus maintaining the fluidity of the membrane. It also helps to stabilize the structure of the cell membrane.
# Answer:
Cholesterol regulates the fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer (stabilizes the membrane at different temperatures: restricts movement at high temps, prevents tight packing at low temps) and stabilizes the membrane structure.

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Integral proteins are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer. They have several roles, one of the main ones is to act as channels or transporters. They can facilitate the transport of substances that cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer on their own, such as large polar molecules or ions. Some integral proteins also act as receptors, receiving signals from the external environment and transmitting them into the cell.
# Answer:
Integral proteins act as channels/transporters (for substances that can't cross the bilayer alone, e.g., ions, large polar molecules) and can also act as receptors (for signal transduction).

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Peripheral proteins are associated with the surface of the cell membrane (either the inner or outer surface). One function of peripheral proteins is to act as enzymes, catalyzing chemical reactions at the membrane surface. Another function is to play a role in cell - cell recognition or in the attachment of the cell to the extracellular matrix. They can also be involved in the transduction of signals from the cell membrane to the interior of the cell or vice versa.
# Answer:
Two functions of peripheral proteins are: 1) Acting as enzymes (catalyzing reactions at the membrane surface); 2) Playing a role in cell - cell recognition (or attachment to the extracellular matrix, or signal transduction).

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Glycoproteins and glycolipids are molecules with carbohydrate chains attached to proteins (glycoproteins) and lipids (glycolipids) respectively, on the outer surface of the cell membrane. One of their main roles is in cell - cell recognition. For example, they help cells recognize other cells of the same type (during development or in the immune system) or foreign cells. They also play a role in cell adhesion, helping cells stick to each other or to the extracellular matrix. Additionally, they can act as receptors for certain molecules.
# Answer:
Glycoproteins and glycolipids play roles in cell - cell recognition (helping cells identify each other), cell adhesion (helping cells stick together or to the extracellular matrix), and can act as receptors for molecules.

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