Question

a biomarker is
a a gene that encodes a particular protein.
b always a protein.
c a body chemical associated with a particular disease or exposure to a toxin.
d any chemical in the body.

question 36
synthesis reactions are particularly important in the body for
a release of energy.
b digestion of food products.
c growth of body parts.
d neutralization of acids by buffers.

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Explanation:

First Question (About Biomarker)

• Option A: A biomarker isn't just a gene encoding a protein; it can be other molecules too. Eliminate A.
• Option B: Biomarkers aren't always proteins; they can be nucleic acids, metabolites, etc. Eliminate B.
• Option C: By definition, a biomarker is a body chemical (like a protein, metabolite, etc.) associated with a disease or toxin exposure. This matches the definition.
• Option D: Not all body chemicals are biomarkers; they need to be associated with a specific condition. Eliminate D.

• Option A: Synthesis reactions (anabolic) usually require energy, while catabolic reactions release energy. Eliminate A.
• Option B: Digestion involves breakdown (catabolic) reactions, not synthesis. Eliminate B.
• Option C: Synthesis reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones, which is essential for growth (e.g., building new cells/tissues). This is correct.
• Option D: Neutralization of acids by buffers is a chemical reaction but not related to synthesis reactions' main role in the body. Eliminate D.

Answer:

C. a body chemical associated with a particular disease or exposure to a toxin.

Question 36 (About Synthesis Reactions)