Question

_______ is the belief that human characteristics are a result of evolution and that genetics are the reasons we see variations.

a.) nativism
b.) nurture
c.) empiricism
d.) epigenetics

Explanation:

Analyze the question stem

The question asks for a term that represents the belief that human characteristics are a result of evolution and that genetics are the reasons we see variations. This describes the biological, inborn, or "nature" side of psychological development.

Evaluate the options

• Nativism: In psychology and philosophy, nativism is the view that certain skills, abilities, or characteristics are native, hard-wired, or inborn in the brain at birth, often shaped by evolutionary history and genetic factors. This aligns perfectly with the definition provided.
• Nurture: This refers to environmental influences, learning, and upbringing, which is the opposite of a purely genetic/evolutionary explanation.
• Empiricism: This is the philosophical belief that all knowledge is acquired through experience and sensory perception, which aligns with the "nurture" perspective.
• Epigenetics: This is the study of how environmental influences affect gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. While related to genetics, it focuses on the interaction between genes and environment rather than attributing characteristics solely to evolution and genetic inheritance.

Select the correct term

Based on the definitions, Nativism (often associated with the "nature" side of the nature-nurture debate) is the philosophical and psychological position that matches the definition of believing human characteristics are primarily the result of evolutionary and genetic factors.

Answer:

• a.) Nativism (Correct answer)
• b.) Nurture
• c.) Empiricism
• d.) Epigenetics