Question

an artificial membrane that contains phospholipids, but not proteins, is created. which substance will be able to cross that membrane and in which direction? sodium ions from the side with the lower concentration to the side with the higher concentration oxygen from the side with the lower concentration to the side with the higher concentration oxygen from the side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentration nothing will be able to cross such a membrane. sodium ions from the side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentration

Explanation:

Phospholipid membranes allow small nonpolar molecules (like oxygen) to diffuse passively down their concentration gradient (high to low). Sodium ions are charged and need protein channels, which are absent here. Oxygen diffuses without proteins, so it moves from higher to lower concentration.

Answer:

oxygen from the side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentration