Question

answer these questions about peer review.
what is the first step in the peer - review process?
the journal distributes the paper to peers for review.
the author submits the paper to the journal.
peers accept, reject, or return the paper.
complete
what is a reason for peer review?
to maintain scientific standards
to allow anyone to submit research
to ensure ence remains elitist
what is a problem with peer review?
it identifies errors.
it directs funding toward certain research.
it can show the bias of reviewers.
done

Explanation:

First Question (First step in peer - review process)

In the peer - review process, the very first action is taken by the author. The author needs to submit their paper to a journal before the journal can distribute it to peers or peers can make a decision about the paper. So the correct option is "The author submits the paper to the journal."

Peer review is an important part of the scientific process. One of its main goals is to maintain scientific standards. Allowing anyone to submit research is not a reason for peer review (submission is separate from review), and the option about "ensuring science remains elitist" is incorrect as science should be inclusive and based on merit. So the correct option is "to maintain scientific standards".

Identifying errors is a benefit of peer review, and directing funding is not a direct problem of the peer - review process itself. However, reviewers can have their own biases, and this can be a problem in the peer - review process as it may affect the fairness of the review. So the correct option is "It can show the bias of reviewers."

Answer:

The author submits the paper to the journal.

Second Question (Reason for peer review)