Question

answer the following questions about genetic mutations. darken the circle or circles that correspond to your answer choice(s). look at the two nucleotide sequences for a section of dna given below. 1. what type of mutation is shown in the copied sequence? a substitution b insertion c deletion d nondisjunction 2. if you compare the original dna sequence to the copied dna sequence shown above, which two of the following are true statements? a the mutation in the copied sequence adds a different amino acid from the original. b the protein coded by the copied dna will be different from the original and may function differently. c the protein coded by the copied dna will function exactly the same as the original. d the mutation that occurred in the copied dna sequence will change the number of chromosomes produced in all subsequent cells. e the mutation will be passed on to future generations. 3. if a doctor suspects down syndrome in a developing fetus, what should he observe via karyotype analysis? a a missing sex chromosome b deletion of genetic material c translocation of genetic material d three copies of a certain chromosome 4. sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin. in the gene that codes for hemoglobin, the normal codon sequence gag becomes gug, and as a result, the amino acid glutamine is replaced with valine. what type of mutation causes sickle cell disease? a point b frameshift c deletion d inversion 5. the diagram below shows a disorder of chromosome 17. what type of chromosomal mutation has occurred? a substitution b insertion c deletion d nondisjunction

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze question 1

By comparing original and copied DNA, a single - base change is seen, which is substitution.

Step2: Analyze question 2

A mutation in DNA can change the amino - acid sequence and thus the protein structure and function. So A and B are correct.

Step3: Analyze question 3

Down syndrome is caused by trisomy 21, which means three copies of chromosome 21. So D is correct.

Step4: Analyze question 4

When a single base in the codon changes (GAG to GUG), it is a point mutation. So A is correct.

Step5: Analyze question 5

In the replicated chromosome, some genes (GHI) are missing compared to the original, which is deletion. So C is correct.

Answer:

1. A. substitution
2. A. The mutation in the copied sequence adds a different amino acid from the original., B. The protein coded by the copied DNA will be different from the original and may function differently.
3. D. three copies of a certain chromosome
4. A. point
5. C. deletion