Question

all of the following are introduction options except
a. quotations
b. statistics
c. messages
d. images

Explanation:

In academic writing or presentations, quotations (a), statistics (b), and images (d) are common introduction options. Quotations can hook the audience with a relevant statement, statistics provide data - driven interest, and images can visually engage. Messages (c) is a rather vague and non - standard introduction option compared to the others.

Answer:

C. messages