Question

1. according to the law of conservation of energy, when energy appears to be \lost,\ it actually:

a) becomes mass
b) transforms into a less useful form like heat
c) disappears completely
d) turns into potential energy permanently

1. which statement correctly connects photosynthesis and respiration?

a) photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases it.
b) respiration stores sunlight energy; photosynthesis releases atp.
c) both create energy from nothing.
d) both occur only in plant cells.
part c - short response

1. a roller coaster car has 5,000 j of potential energy at the top of a hill and 4,200 j of kinetic energy at the bottom.

○ a) how much energy was converted into other forms?

○ b) explain where that energy went using the law of conservation of energy.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate energy converted

According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, total initial energy = total final energy. Initial energy is potential energy \(E_{p}=5000\ J\). Final energy is kinetic energy \(E_{k} = 4200\ J\). Energy converted \(E = E_{p}-E_{k}\).
\(E=5000 - 4200\)

Step2: Explain energy conversion

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted. The "lost" energy is converted into other forms like heat (due to friction between the roller - coaster wheels and the track) and sound (from the movement of the roller - coaster).

Answer:

a) \(800\ J\)
b) The energy was converted into heat (due to friction) and sound (due to the motion of the roller - coaster) as per the Law of Conservation of Energy which states that energy is just transformed from one form to another, not lost.