Question

27 which statements correctly explain how changes in the nucleotide sequence of dna can specify some traits of an organism? select the two best answers. changes in a codon may produce a difference in the amino acid sequence, resulting in a different trait. codons in dna link together to form proteins which are responsible for traits such as eye color. changes in the dna sequence of a gene may result in a change in the function of a protein. each of the three bases of a codon in dna correspond to an amino acid that builds a protein. clear all

Explanation:

• Codons are in mRNA, not DNA. So the statement “Codons in DNA link together to form proteins which are responsible for traits such as eye color” is wrong.
• DNA is transcribed to mRNA, and mRNA codons (not DNA codons) correspond to amino acids. So the statement “Each of the three bases of a codon in DNA correspond to an amino acid that builds a protein” is wrong.
• Changes in a codon (due to DNA nucleotide sequence changes) can change the amino - acid sequence (e.g., in sickle - cell anemia, a single - base change in DNA leads to a different amino acid in hemoglobin, resulting in a different trait).
• Changes in the DNA sequence of a gene (mutation) can change the protein's structure (e.g., amino - acid sequence) which can change its function.

Answer:

Changes in a codon may produce a difference in the amino acid sequence, resulting in a different trait. Changes in the DNA sequence of a gene may result in a change in the function of a protein.