Question

q.14. which of the following statements is false?
a) scientists study rock layers and fossils when developing the geologic time scale.
b) according to the law of superposition, the youngest rock layers are at the bottom.
c) the oldest known rocks on earth are approximately 4 billion years old.
d) earth is constantly changing.

q.15. which of the following is an example of the earliest life forms on earth?
a) dinosaurs b) mammals
c) flowering plants d) cyanobacteria

q.16. in which period did the first amphibians appear?
a) cambrian b) devonian
c) silurian d) ordovician

q.17. in which period did the first trilobites appear?
a) cambrian b) devonian
c) silurian d) ordovician

q.18. in which period did the first flowering plants (angiosperms) appear?
a) triassic b) silurian
c) jurassic d) cretaceous

q.19. in which period did the first mammals appear?
a) triassic b) silurian
c) jurassic d) cretaceous

q.20. which of the following terms is defined as an event that causes many species to die out simultaneously?
a) mass extinction b) continental drift
c) natural selection d) evolution

q.21. dinosaurs went extinct approximately 66 million years ago at the end of the ______.
a) triassic period b) silurian period
c) jurassic period d) cretaceous period

q.22. which of the following methods can be used to determine the absolute age of a rock?
a) stratigraphy b) biostratigraphy
c) radiometric dating d) law of superposition

q.23. all landmasses on earth were joined as a massive supercontinent called about 300 million years ago.
a) period b) pangea
c) crust d) plates

Explanation:

Q14

• Option a: Scientists do study rock layers and fossils for the geologic time scale, so this is true.
• Option b: The law of superposition states that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest are at the bottom and the youngest at the top. So saying the youngest are at the bottom is false.
• Option c: The oldest known rocks on Earth are around 4 billion years old, this is true.
• Option d: Earth is constantly changing due to processes like plate tectonics, erosion, etc., this is true.

• Dinosaurs, mammals, and flowering plants appeared much later. Cyanobacteria (blue - green algae) are among the earliest life forms on Earth, dating back billions of years.

• The first amphibians appeared in the Devonian period. The Cambrian is known for the Cambrian explosion of invertebrates, the Silurian for early land plants and arthropods, and the Ordovician for marine invertebrates.

Answer:

b) According to the law of superposition, the youngest rock layers are at the bottom.

Q15