Question

(01.01 mc)
what must happen for scientific theories to be accepted as valid?
o a scientific evidence must be reported, verified, and accepted by the scientific community.
o b a hypothesis must be upgraded with supporting experimental evidence.
o c biological manufacturers must conduct clinical trials.
o d the research team must apply for and receive federal funding based on several early tests.

question 5 (4 points)
(01.01 mc)
a sports drink company develops a new product that is advertised to decrease soreness after rigorous exercise. which of the following evidence of this claim would the scientific community accept as the most reliable?
o a a written description of the experiments used to support the claim
o b high-profile athletes supporting the claim in sports journals and magazines
o c other scientists not associated with the product testing the claims
o d disclosure of the ingredients of the product and their known side effects

Explanation:

For the first question:

• Option a: Scientific evidence must be reported, verified, and accepted by the scientific community. This is a fundamental principle in science. The scientific community peer - reviews evidence, and only when it is verified through proper methods (like repeated experiments, logical consistency etc.) does a theory gain acceptance.
• Option b: A hypothesis is a proposed explanation. Upgrading a hypothesis with evidence does not directly equate to a theory being accepted. A theory is a more comprehensive and well - tested framework.
• Option c: Biological manufacturers conducting clinical trials is specific to a certain area (biology/medicine) and not a general requirement for all scientific theories.
• Option d: Federal funding is not a criterion for a theory's validity. Funding can support research but does not determine if a theory is valid.

For the second question:

• Option a: A written description of experiments is good but not as reliable as independent testing.
• Option b: High - profile athletes' support is anecdotal and can be influenced by factors like sponsorship, not scientific evidence.
• Option c: Other scientists not associated with the product testing the claims provides an unbiased and independent verification. This is in line with the scientific method of peer - review and independent replication.
• Option d: Disclosure of ingredients and side - effects does not directly prove the claim about decreasing soreness.

Answer:

First question: a. Scientific evidence must be reported, verified, and accepted by the scientific community.
Second question: c. Other scientists not associated with the product testing the claims.