Question

1. you are asked to separate sand and sodium chloride.

name the methods needed to carry out the procedure. explain how you would carry out the procedure to obtain pure sand and sodium
chloride back.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. the following diagram shows a set - up of simple distillation.

Explanation:

Step1: Dissolve the mixture

Add water to the sand - sodium chloride mixture. Sodium chloride ($NaCl$) is soluble in water, while sand is insoluble.
$$\text{NaCl (s)}+\text{H}_2\text{O (l)}\to\text{NaCl (aq)}$$

Step2: Filter

Use filtration. The sand will remain on the filter paper (residue), and the sodium chloride solution will pass through (filtrate).

Step3: Evaporate the filtrate

Heat the sodium chloride solution (filtrate) to evaporate the water. As water evaporates, sodium chloride crystals will be left behind.

Answer:

The methods needed are dissolution, filtration, and evaporation. First, dissolve the sand - sodium chloride mixture in water. Then, filter the mixture. The sand is retained on the filter paper. Finally, evaporate the sodium chloride solution (obtained from the filtrate) to get back pure sodium chloride.