Question

why did mapmakers begin documenting longitude lines on their charts?
a. it helped mapmakers draw cities and inland borders
b. it allowed explorers to avoid traveling in large fleets
c. it offered treaty boundaries for native populations
d. it made navigating dangerous ocean routes possible

what economic idea drove many european countries to explore and colonize new lands?
a. capitalism that promoted free and open trade systems
b. feudalism which favored protection over expansion
c. socialism that encouraged equal land distribution
d. mercantilism focused on exports and collecting wealth

Explanation:

• For the first question: Longitude lines are crucial for navigation, especially in oceans. They help in determining east - west positions. Option d is correct as it relates to ocean navigation. Options a (drawing cities and inland borders) is more about other map - making aspects, option b (avoiding large fleets) is not related to longitude lines, and option c (treaty boundaries for native populations) is also not relevant to the function of longitude lines.
• For the second question: Mercantilism was an economic theory that emphasized a nation's wealth through exports and the accumulation of precious metals. European countries explored and colonized new lands to gain resources (for exports) and wealth. Capitalism (option a) in its early form was not the main driver of exploration in the context of colonization for wealth accumulation as described. Feudalism (option b) was more about a social - economic structure in Europe before the age of exploration and not about expansion for wealth. Socialism (option c) is a more modern concept and not relevant to the age of exploration.

Answer:

d. It made navigating dangerous ocean routes possible
d. Mercantilism focused on exports and collecting wealth