Question

which statement about the outlier in the data set is true?
blake should not include the outlier because it overstates the effect of rainfall on temperature.
blake should include the outlier because it shows there is no relationship between rainfall and average daily temperature.
blake should not include the outlier because it understates the effect of rainfall on temperature.
blake should include the outlier because it shows there is a relationship between rainfall and temperature.

Explanation:

An outlier is a data point that differs significantly from other observations. In a scatter - plot showing the relationship between two variables (here, rainfall and average daily temperature), an outlier can distort the perception of the relationship. If we assume that the general trend (excluding the outlier) shows a certain relationship (say, as rainfall increases, temperature decreases), the outlier (which is a point that does not follow this general trend) overstates the effect of rainfall on temperature. For example, if most points show a negative correlation (higher rainfall, lower temperature) but the outlier has high rainfall and relatively high temperature, it makes the relationship seem less consistent (overstates the variability in the effect of rainfall on temperature).

Answer:

Blake should not include the outlier because it overstates the effect of rainfall on temperature.