Question

3 which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of phase changes? a phase changes occur without particle energy modification b phase changes do not alter particle arrangement c phase changes are instantaneous with no energy transfer d phase changes involve energy transfer affecting particle motion

Explanation:

• Phase changes involve energy transfer. For example, when a substance melts (solid to liquid), it absorbs energy. This energy affects the motion of particles. In a solid, particles have relatively low - energy and are in a fixed arrangement. As energy is added (during melting), particles gain energy and their motion increases (they can move more freely in the liquid phase).
• Option A is incorrect because phase changes do involve particle energy modification.
• Option B is incorrect as phase changes do alter particle arrangement (e.g., from a fixed - position arrangement in solid to a more random arrangement in liquid).
• Option C is incorrect because phase changes are not instantaneous and do involve energy transfer.

Answer:

D. Phase changes involve energy transfer affecting particle motion