Question

1. which of the following could explain a discrepancy between theoretical and empirical probability?

a. bias in the experiment
b. all of the above
c. small sample size
d. random chance

Explanation:

• Bias in the experiment: Can skew empirical results away from theoretical expectations.
• Small sample size: May not accurately represent the theoretical probability due to limited data.
• Random chance: Can cause deviations between theoretical and empirical probability in a single experiment or set of trials.

Since all these factors (bias, small sample size, random chance) can contribute to a discrepancy between theoretical and empirical probability, the option "All of the above" is correct.

Answer:

B. All of the above