Question

what gives each state its characteristic properties?
○ the mass of a substance
○ the volume taken up by a substance
○ the temperature of a substance
○ the particles that make up a substance

Explanation:

The state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) of a substance is determined by the arrangement and motion of its particles. Different particle - arrangements give different characteristic properties like shape, volume, and compressibility. Mass, volume, and temperature can affect a substance but do not define its state - characteristics at a fundamental level.

Answer:

the particles that make up a substance