Question

what does effect mean here?
politicians disagree on the effect of immigration on the economy.
effect noun an image or a sound that is created to imitate something real
effect noun a change that results from a cause

Explanation:

In the sentence "Politicians disagree on the effect of immigration on the economy", "effect" refers to the result or consequence. The first definition (an image or a sound that is created to imitate something real) is about special - effects (like in movies). The second definition (a change that results from a cause) fits the context of how immigration impacts the economy.

Answer:

effect noun a change that results from a cause