Question

1. what is the atomic symbol for each of the following elements:

a. oxygen:
f. potassium:
b. nitrogen:
g: iron:
c. hydrogen:
h. sulfur:
d. sodium:
i. calcium:
e. chlorine:
j. carbon:

1. what is the atomic number for the following elements:

a. oxygen:
b. carbon:
c. iron:

1. what is the mass number for the following elements:

a. nitrogen:
b. sulfur:
c. chlorine:
use the periodic table to answer the following questions about sulfur (s).

1. what is the atomic number:
2. what is the mass number:
3. number of protons:
4. number of electrons:
5. number of neutrons:

Explanation:

1. Atomic Symbols:

• a. Oxygen: The atomic symbol for oxygen is \(O\).
• b. Nitrogen: The atomic symbol for nitrogen is \(N\).
• c. Hydrogen: The atomic symbol for hydrogen is \(H\).
• d. Sodium: The atomic symbol for sodium is \(Na\) (from the Latin name natrium).
• e. Chlorine: The atomic symbol for chlorine is \(Cl\).
• f. Potassium: The atomic symbol for potassium is \(K\) (from the Latin name kalium).
• g. Iron: The atomic symbol for iron is \(Fe\) (from the Latin name ferrum).
• h. Sulfur: The atomic symbol for sulfur is \(S\).
• i. Calcium: The atomic symbol for calcium is \(Ca\).
• j. Carbon: The atomic symbol for carbon is \(C\).

2. Atomic Numbers:

• a. Oxygen: The atomic number of oxygen is \(8\).
• b. Carbon: The atomic number of carbon is \(6\).
• c. Iron: The atomic number of iron is \(26\).

3. Mass Numbers (approximate, as they can vary for isotopes but common values are used here):

• a. Nitrogen: The mass number of nitrogen (\(N\)) is approximately \(14\).
• b. Sulfur: The mass number of sulfur (\(S\)) is approximately \(32\).
• c. Chlorine: The mass number of chlorine (\(Cl\)) is approximately \(35.5\) (average of isotopes \(^{35}Cl\) and \(^{37}Cl\)).

4 - 8. For Sulfur (\(S\)):

• 4. Atomic Number: The atomic number of sulfur is \(16\).
• 5. Mass Number: The mass number of sulfur (common isotope) is \(32\).
• 6. Number of Protons: Equal to the atomic number, so \(16\).
• 7. Number of Electrons (in a neutral atom): Equal to the number of protons, so \(16\).
• 8. Number of Neutrons: Mass number - atomic number \(=32 - 16=16\).

Answer:

1.

• a. \(O\)
• b. \(N\)
• c. \(H\)
• d. \(Na\)
• e. \(Cl\)
• f. \(K\)
• g. \(Fe\)
• h. \(S\)
• i. \(Ca\)
• j. \(C\)

2.

• a. \(8\)
• b. \(6\)
• c. \(26\)

3.

• a. \(14\)
• b. \(32\)
• c. \(35.5\)

1. \(16\)
2. \(32\)
3. \(16\)
4. \(16\)
5. \(16\)