Question

voluntary sampling is one type of sampling method that is not probability based. this means that

each member of a population is equally likely to be chosen for the survey.
the results of the survey cannot reliably be extended and generalized.
the likelihood of a member of the population volunteering to be surveyed is not probable.
the results of the survey are not mathematically probable.

Explanation:

Define non-probability sampling

Using the Probability Sampling knowledge point
Non-probability sampling methods do not select participants randomly, meaning some members of the population have no chance of being selected or their probability of selection cannot be calculated.

Analyze voluntary response sampling

Using the Voluntary Response Sampling knowledge point
In voluntary response sampling, individuals self-select to participate. This introduces strong selection bias, as those with strong opinions are more likely to respond, making the sample unrepresentative of the general population.

Evaluate the consequences of bias

Because the sample is not representative, the findings cannot be generalized to the entire population. Thus, the results of the survey cannot reliably be extended and generalized.

Answer:

• each member of a population is equally likely to be chosen for the survey.
• the results of the survey cannot reliably be extended and generalized. (Correct answer)
• the likelihood of a member of the population volunteering to be surveyed is not probable.
• the results of the survey are not mathematically probable.