Question

use your previous drawing the answer the following questions. click all that apply.
(a) in hydrogen solid (below 14k), what types of bonds and interactions are present?
(b) in hydrogen gas (at room temperature), what types of bonds and interactions are present?
(c) if hydrogen is heated above 6000k, what types of bonds and interactions are present?

Explanation:

• (a) In hydrogen solid (below 14K), hydrogen bonds are present. Hydrogen bonds occur when hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like in the case of hydrogen - related solids at low temperatures). London dispersion forces are also present in all molecular substances, including hydrogen solid.
• (b) In hydrogen gas (at room temperature), London dispersion forces are present. Hydrogen gas (\(H_2\)) is a non - polar molecule. Non - polar molecules have only London dispersion forces as their intermolecular forces. Covalent bonds are present within the \(H_2\) molecule (intramolecular).
• (c) If hydrogen is heated above 6000K, it dissociates into hydrogen atoms. At such a high temperature, all bonds and intermolecular forces are broken. So, none of the listed bonds and interactions (ionic bonds, London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds) are present in the atomic hydrogen state.

Answer:

(a) Hydrogen bonds, London dispersion forces
(b) Covalent bonds, London dispersion forces
(c) none