Question

unit 5: periodic trends test review
what to study?

• quizzes
• homework
• notes
• bell ringers

what will the questions be like? what can i expect?
this test will be just like the previous quizzes you have taken.

• matching
• multiple choice
• short answer

sample questions/important topics

1. fill in the best answer for each of the following:

a) a vertical column on the periodic table is called a _.
b) the periodic table was first arranged by the scientist _.
c) the elements in the periodic table are presently arranged in order of increasing _.
d) the _ says that when the elements of the periodic table are arranged in order or increasing atomic number there are periodic patterns in their physical and chemical properties.
e) all the elements in group 17 will have a _ configuration in their outermost energy level.
f) group 1 is also known as the _ metals.
g) the 2 rows on the bottom of the periodic table are also known as the _ block.
h) all the elements in group _ have an electron configuration that ends in $p^{2}$.
i) the d block elements are also known as the _.
j) the elements in group 12 have a _ electron configuration.
k) an atom with a positive or negative charge is called an _. it becomes charged when it loses or gains _.
l) the size of an atom is due mainly to the number of occupied _ that the atom has.
m) as you move across a period from left to right, the size of an atom will _. this is due to the increased number of _ that the atoms have as you move to the right.
n) as you move down a group, the size of the atoms will _ due to a greater number of _ as you move down the group.
o) the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom is called the _.

Explanation:

• a) In the periodic table, vertical columns are called groups.
• b) Dmitri Mendeleev is credited with first arranging the periodic table.
• c) Currently, elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.
• d) The periodic law states the periodic patterns in properties with atomic number increase.
• e) Group 17 (halogens) have \(ns^{2}np^{5}\) (or \(7\) valence electrons) configuration in the outermost energy level.
• f) Group 1 is known as alkali metals.
• g) The two bottom rows are the \(f\) - block (lanthanides and actinides).
• h) Group \(14\) (carbon - family) has electron configuration ending in \(p^{2}\) (\(ns^{2}np^{2}\)).
• i) \(d\) - block elements are transition metals.
• j) Group 12 elements have \(ns^{2}\) electron configuration.
• k) An atom with charge is an ion. It gains or loses electrons to become charged.
• l) Atom size is mainly due to the number of occupied electron shells.
• m) Across a period (left - to - right), atom size decreases (not increases as wrongly filled in the original). This is due to increased protons (nuclear charge).
• n) Down a group, atom size increases due to more electron shells.
• o) The energy to remove the most loosely held electron is ionization energy.

Answer:

a) group
b) Mendeleev
c) atomic number
d) periodic law
e) \(ns^{2}np^{5}\) (or \(7\) valence electrons)
f) alkali
g) \(f\)
h) \(14\)
i) transition metals
j) \(ns^{2}\)
k) ion; electrons
l) electron shells
m) decrease; protons
n) increase; electron shells
o) ionization energy