Question

1.5 time to review and reflect: states of matte
20 total points
directions
read each of the multiple choice questions carefully and choose the best answer from the four
question 1
what happens to particles in a solid when thermal energy is added?
they shrink and become denser
they vibrate more and push slightly apart
they float to the surface
they break apart and form gas
question 2
which statement best describes the motion of gas particles?
they move quickly in all directions and are far apart

Explanation:

When thermal energy is added to a solid, the particles gain energy. In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions. With added thermal energy, their vibration increases. They don't shrink (as that would imply a decrease in volume which isn't the case with heating in most simple scenarios), they don't float to the surface (solids have a fixed shape and particles aren't free - floating like in liquids or gases), and they don't break apart to form gas (that would be a phase change like sublimation which requires a significant amount of energy and isn't the immediate effect of just adding some thermal energy). The most immediate effect is that they vibrate more and push slightly apart (which is related to thermal expansion at a particle - level).

Answer:

They vibrate more and push slightly apart