Question

1. are there any separated pigment colors common to your different starting colors? (what does this tell you about color mixing?) why is it essential that only the wick and not the filter paper circle in contact with the water in the cup? itll wash away & mix together why does each ink separate into different pigment bands? (what properties are different?) particle size (density, mass) solubility polarity +/- why are only water - soluble markers used in this activity? (would this work the same for permanent markers? why/why not?) 4. why did some color bands move further than others up the filter paper? smaller particles, further polarity / attracted to h2o further

Explanation:

1. Only wick - water contact: If the filter - paper circle touches water, it may disintegrate or the ink may spread uncontrollably, washing away and mixing the inks.
2. Ink separation: Inks separate into pigment bands due to differences in properties like particle size (smaller particles move faster), solubility (more soluble components move further), and polarity (polar substances interact differently with the water and the paper).
3. Water - soluble markers: Water - soluble markers are used because their inks can dissolve in water, allowing for separation by water - based chromatography. Permanent markers' inks are often not water - soluble and would not separate in the same way.
4. Color band movement: Color bands move further based on particle size (smaller particles can travel more easily up the paper) and polarity (components with higher affinity for water move further).
5. Separation and color mixing: If there are separated pigment colors, it can show the primary or secondary colors that make up the starting colors. For example, if a purple ink separates into red and blue, it shows the components of purple. It also indicates how color mixing occurs at a molecular level, as the separated pigments can potentially recombine in different ratios.

Answer:

1. To prevent filter - paper disintegration and ink - mixing.
2. Due to differences in particle size, solubility, and polarity.
3. Because their inks dissolve in water for chromatography; permanent markers' inks are not water - soluble.
4. Smaller particles and higher water - affinity (polarity) cause further movement.
5. It can reveal primary/secondary colors and show how color mixing occurs at a molecular level.