Question

state property of concentrated sulphuric (vi) acid showed by the following equations
i. coohcooh₍₁₎→co₂₍g₎ + co₍g₎ + h₂o₍l₎
ii. zn₍s₎ + 2h₂so₄₍l₎→znso₄₍aq₎+ so₂₍g₎ + h₂o₍l₎
iii. kno₃₍s₎ + h₂so₄₍l₎→khso₄₍s₎ + hno₃₍g₎
property in:
i. ....................................................
ii. ....................................................
iii. ....................................................
using dots (•) and cross (x) show the bonding in hydroxonium ion h₃o⁺.

Explanation:

• For equation I: Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent. It removes water - related components (in this case, effectively removing elements to form water as a product from the reactant \(COOHCOOH\)).
• For equation II: Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as an oxidizing agent. In the reaction with \(Zn\), sulfur in \(H_2SO_4\) changes its oxidation state (from \(+6\) in \(H_2SO_4\) to \(+4\) in \(SO_2\)), which is characteristic of an oxidizing agent.
• For equation III: Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a non - volatile acid. It displaces the more volatile \(HNO_3\) from \(KNO_3\) (based on the principle of acid - base reactions where a less volatile acid can displace a more volatile acid).

Answer:

I. Dehydrating agent
II. Oxidizing agent
III. Non - volatile acid