Question

reading (comprehension and vocabulary)
directions: read the passage. then answer questions 1 - 6.
you waste, you pay
since 2013, california has had a water problem. there is not enough
water for everyone. in 2014, the governor told people to use 20 percent
less water. the needs for water vary across the state.
california has 10 water districts. in each one, experts decide how much
water people can use. they look at how the land is used. they look at how
many people live at each address. one district allows each person to use
50 gallons of water per day. anyone who uses more than that is subject
to fines.
districts also set times for watering gardens and lawns. people can
water on different days. they cannot water more than 10 or 15 minutes.
no one can water during the day. it is too hot. in some cities, fines for
breaking these laws go as high as $1,000.
people who use too much water are fined. they also pay more for water.
the rate may be 160 percent higher than normal. these fines work like
speeding tickets. most drivers dont speed. they dont want to pay the
fines. fines for water use are based on the same idea.
people want these new water laws to work. if the laws are ineffective,
then stricter laws will follow. people hope they will not have to continue
to follow strict laws. they hope to find other ways to fix the problem
before the water runs out.

1. paragraph 2 says, \anyone who uses more than that is subject to fines.\

which meaning of subject fits the way it is used in this sentence?
a a thing being talked about
b a topic studied in school
c to cause to experience
d at risk of being affected by

Explanation:

In the sentence "Anyone who uses more than that is subject to fines," the context is about people being at risk of facing fines if they use more water. Option D ("at risk of being affected by") fits this meaning as it implies the consequence (fines) that the person is exposed to. Options A and B refer to concepts related to a topic or thing being discussed/studied, which is not relevant here. Option C ("to cause to experience") is less appropriate as the structure "is subject to" implies a state of being at risk rather than actively causing the experience.

Answer:

D. at risk of being affected by