Question

the reaction between ammonium nitrate and water absorbs heat from the surrounding environment.
three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid added to 100 milliliters of water in a beaker makes the beaker hot.
ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold.
uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy.
water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it.
methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat.
endothermic reaction | exothermic reaction

Explanation:

To solve this, we first recall the definitions:

• Endothermic Reaction: Absorbs heat from the surroundings (system gets cold, surroundings may cool).
• Exothermic Reaction: Releases heat to the surroundings (system gets hot, surroundings warm).

Step 1: Analyze each statement for Endothermic

• "The reaction between ammonium nitrate and water absorbs heat from the surrounding environment." → Absorbs heat (Endothermic).
• "Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold." → Absorbs heat (Endothermic, beaker cools).
• "Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it." → Electrolysis of water (requires energy/heat input, Endothermic).
• "Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy." → Nuclear fission (absorbs energy to split, Endothermic? Wait, no—nuclear fission releases energy? Wait, correction: Nuclear fission (splitting uranium) releases energy (exothermic). Wait, let's recheck:
• Electrolysis of water: Needs energy (electricity) → Endothermic.
• Ammonium nitrate + water: Absorbs heat → Endothermic.
• Ammonium chloride + water: Beaker cold (absorbs heat) → Endothermic.

Step 2: Analyze each statement for Exothermic

• "Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid added to 100 milliliters of water makes the beaker hot." → Releases heat (Exothermic).
• "Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat." → Releases heat (Exothermic).
• "Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy." → Nuclear fission releases energy (Exothermic, as it produces heat/energy).

Correct Categorization:

Endothermic Reaction (Absorbs Heat):

• The reaction between ammonium nitrate and water absorbs heat from the surrounding environment.
• Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold.
• Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it. (Electrolysis requires energy input)

Exothermic Reaction (Releases Heat):

• Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid added to 100 milliliters of water makes the beaker hot.
• Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat.
• Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy. (Nuclear fission releases energy)

Final Table:

Endothermic Reaction	Exothermic Reaction
Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold.	Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat.
Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it.	Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy.

(Note: For nuclear fission, there’s debate, but in most contexts, nuclear fission (splitting uranium) releases energy (exothermic). Electrolysis of water needs energy (endothermic).)

Answer:

To solve this, we first recall the definitions:

• Endothermic Reaction: Absorbs heat from the surroundings (system gets cold, surroundings may cool).
• Exothermic Reaction: Releases heat to the surroundings (system gets hot, surroundings warm).

Step 1: Analyze each statement for Endothermic

• "The reaction between ammonium nitrate and water absorbs heat from the surrounding environment." → Absorbs heat (Endothermic).
• "Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold." → Absorbs heat (Endothermic, beaker cools).
• "Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it." → Electrolysis of water (requires energy/heat input, Endothermic).
• "Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy." → Nuclear fission (absorbs energy to split, Endothermic? Wait, no—nuclear fission releases energy? Wait, correction: Nuclear fission (splitting uranium) releases energy (exothermic). Wait, let's recheck:
• Electrolysis of water: Needs energy (electricity) → Endothermic.
• Ammonium nitrate + water: Absorbs heat → Endothermic.
• Ammonium chloride + water: Beaker cold (absorbs heat) → Endothermic.

Step 2: Analyze each statement for Exothermic

• "Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid added to 100 milliliters of water makes the beaker hot." → Releases heat (Exothermic).
• "Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat." → Releases heat (Exothermic).
• "Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy." → Nuclear fission releases energy (Exothermic, as it produces heat/energy).

Correct Categorization:

Endothermic Reaction (Absorbs Heat):

• The reaction between ammonium nitrate and water absorbs heat from the surrounding environment.
• Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold.
• Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it. (Electrolysis requires energy input)

Exothermic Reaction (Releases Heat):

• Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid added to 100 milliliters of water makes the beaker hot.
• Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat.
• Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy. (Nuclear fission releases energy)

Final Table:

Endothermic Reaction	Exothermic Reaction
Ammonium chloride dissolved in a beaker of water makes the beaker cold.	Methane and oxygen are combined to produce methanol and heat.
Water separates into hydrogen and oxygen when an electric current is run through it.	Uranium atoms are split to produce nuclear energy.

(Note: For nuclear fission, there’s debate, but in most contexts, nuclear fission (splitting uranium) releases energy (exothermic). Electrolysis of water needs energy (endothermic).)