Question

question 6
1 pts
a report claims that 38% of adults own more than one car. upon surveying a random sample of adults, a researcher finds that 33% of the adults in the sample own more than one car. when a hypothesis test is conducted based on this sample of data, it is reported that the results are statistically significant. what does this mean?
the difference between 33% and 38% is large enough to be meaningful in practical terms.
the observed result provides evidence against the null hypothesis.
if we assume the null hypothesis is true, the observed difference would occur just by chance about 1 in 20 times.
the null hypothesis is false and the true parameter is 33%.
the researcher has proven that fewer than 38% of all adults own more than one car.

Explanation:

• Statistical significance in hypothesis testing means that the observed result is unlikely to have occurred by chance if the null hypothesis is true. It provides evidence against the null hypothesis.
• Practical significance (difference being meaningful in practical terms) is different from statistical significance.
• Just because the result is statistically significant doesn't mean the null hypothesis is definitely false and the sample statistic (33%) is the true parameter. Also, we can't say we've "proven" something in hypothesis testing, we just have evidence. And the 1 in 20 (5%) is a common significance level but the option about it occurring 1 in 20 times is not the correct general definition of statistical significance.

Answer:

The observed result provides evidence against the null hypothesis.