Question

question 3 (2 points)
in order to have a large partial positive charge to be involved in a hydrogen bond, the molecule must be polar and have a 1.
in order to have a large partial negative charge to be involved in a hydrogen bond, the molecule must be polar and have an 2.
a. f - h, o - h, or n - h bond b. f, o, or n
question 4 (4 points)
indicate the strongest intermolecular attraction between each pair of molecules.
1 nh₃ and h₂o
2 nh₃ and nh₃
3 nh₄⁺¹ and nh₃
4 ch₄ and nh₃
5 ch₄ and ch₄
a. londons b. dipolar c. hydrogen bond d. ion to dipole

Explanation:

• For Question 3:
• Hydrogen bonds involve a hydrogen atom (with a partial positive charge) bonded to a highly electronegative atom (F, O, or N). So, for the partial positive charge, the molecule must have an F - H, O - H, or N - H bond (A).
• The highly electronegative atom (F, O, or N) in the molecule has a partial negative charge. So, for the partial negative charge, the molecule must have an F, O, or N (B).
• For Question 4:
• \(NH_3\) and \(H_2O\) both have N - H and O - H bonds respectively. The strongest intermolecular force between them is hydrogen bond (C).
• \(NH_3 - NH_3\) also has N - H bonds, so the strongest force is hydrogen bond (C).
• \(NH_4^{+1}\) (ion) and \(NH_3\) (dipole) have ion - dipole interaction (D).
• \(CH_4\) is non - polar (only London/dispersion forces), \(NH_3\) is polar (dipole). The interaction between a non - polar and polar molecule is dipolar (B).
• \(CH_4 - CH_4\) (both non - polar) have London's (dispersion) forces (A).

Answer:

Question 3:

1. A. F - H, O - H, or N - H bond
2. B. F, O, or N

Question 4:

1. C. hydrogen bond
2. C. hydrogen bond
3. D. ion to dipole
4. B. dipolar
5. A. London's