Question

question 4 (1 point) and, heres one of the big reasons why colleges are so darn expensive... one of the reasons why a 3rd party option is so attractive to voters is because some voters feel that the established 2 - party system is ineffective and ________ when it comes to creating meaningful policy reform. for example, in january of 2012, president obama outlined his plan to reduce the cost of college education. during his speech in ann arbor, michigan, obama stated, \if you cant stop tuition going up, your funding from taxpayers will go down. we should push colleges to do better, we should hold them accountable if they dont.\ obamas comments won the support of middle - class families with children either in college or heading to college but when it came time to reduce the cost of college education, obama failed. not surprisingly, of obamas 10 largest donors during the 2012 presidential election, 4 were us universities, which included 1.3 million from the university of california, 680 thousand from harvard, 532 thousand from stanford, and 478 thousand from columbia. these statistics taken from the federal election commission data are staggering and show how candidates can be swayed to construct policy that benefits their donors. when you consider that the university of michigan, nyu, and the university of chicago also donated an excess of 300 thousand dollars to round out obamas top 20 donors of 2012, it becomes clear why obama failed to deliver on his january 2012 promise to \push colleges to do better\. word bank: evince murky disassemble unwanted verbiage cavort viscous substantive piquant credence nefarious decry distraught intractable eulogy exhume primordial lackluster articulate propinquity verdant utopian #blank 1:

Explanation:

The context is about the ineffectiveness of the 2 - Party system in creating policy reform regarding college costs. The word 'ineffective' implies a lack of 'substantive' action. The passage discusses how despite promises to reduce college costs, actions were not taken, suggesting a lack of real, substantial change.

Answer:

substantive