Question

question 20 (1 point)
in a(n) _i_reaction, a(n) _ii_ combines with a(n) _iii_ to form an ester and water. the statement given above is completed by the information in row
row i ii iii
a condensation carboxylic acid alcohol
b condensation alcohol alkane
c addition carboxylic acid alcohol
d addition alcohol alkane
e substitution carboxylic acid alkane
a) b
b) d
c) a
d) e
e) c

Explanation:

• Condensation reaction: A reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the elimination of a small molecule (like water).
• Ester formation: Carboxylic acid (\(R - COOH\)) reacts with alcohol (\(R' - OH\)) in a condensation reaction. The general reaction is \(RCOOH+R'OH\underset{\Delta}{\overset{H^{+}}{

ightleftharpoons}}RCOOR'+H_{2}O\). Here, a water molecule is eliminated.

• Addition reaction: Involves adding atoms or groups to a multiple - bonded compound (like alkenes \(C = C\)). It is not relevant for ester formation.
• Substitution reaction: One atom or group is replaced by another. Not the case for ester formation from carboxylic acid and alcohol.
• Alkanes (\(C - C\) single - bonded hydrocarbons) do not react with carboxylic acids to form esters.

Answer:

c) A