Question

practice it
mode of perceptual processing for identifying patterns as meaningful wholes
rather than as piecemeal constructions
top - down retrievaltop - down extractiontop - down tracingtop - down processortop - down processing

Explanation:

Top - down processing is a mode of perceptual processing where we use our prior knowledge and expectations to identify patterns as meaningful wholes. It contrasts with bottom - up processing (which builds from individual elements). The other options like top - down retrieval (more about memory retrieval), top - down extraction (not a standard perceptual term in this context), top - down tracing (not relevant to perceptual wholes), and top - down processor (a device or entity, not the processing mode) are not the correct terms for this perceptual phenomenon.

Answer:

top - down processing