Question

part 1: the two basic types of energy
directions: determine the best match between each type of energy and the description provided. put the correct letter on the blank.
____1. a biker on the top of the mountain. (a) kinetic energy
____2. gasoline in a storage tank (b) potential energy
____3. a race - car traveling at the maximum speed (c) both forms of energy
____4. water flowing from a waterfall before it hits the going below
____5. a spring in a pinball machine before it is released

part ii. potential energy
directions: underline the situation in each pair that has the greater amount of potential energy.

1. a runner on top of a mountain or a runner on top of a hill?
2. a roller coaster car at the top of a hill or at the bottom?
3. a match before it is lit or a match while it is burning?

part 4. kinetic energy.
directions: underline the situation in each pair that has the greater amount of kinetic energy.

1. a roller coaster before dropping off its initial top or after the first drop?
2. a throwing ball when your arm is all the way back or as it is little the plier?
3. a baseball bat just before it is swinging or right after it is swinging?
4. you before you get out of bed in the morning or you before you go to bed at night?
5. a match before it is lit or a match while it is burning?

part 5. forms of energy.
directions: determine the type of energy for each form (kinetic, potential, or both) and give an example.

form	definition	type (ke, pe, or both)	example (for each type if both)
thermal (heat) energy	the vibration and movement of molecules
radiant energy	electromagnetic waves
electrical energy	movement of electrons
chemical energy	stored in bonds of atoms and molecules
nuclear energy	stored in the nucleus of an atom; released when nucleus splits or combines
sound energy	vibration of waves through material
gravitational energy	energy of position or height

Explanation:

This problem is about energy types (kinetic, potential, and various forms like mechanical, thermal, etc.), which falls under Physics (a subfield of Natural Science). For example, in Part I (matching energy types to descriptions):

1. A biker on the top of a mountain has potential energy (due to height) → (b) Potential Energy.
2. Gasoline in a storage tank has potential energy (stored chemical energy) → (b) Potential Energy.
3. A race - car increasing in speed has kinetic energy (due to motion) → (a) Kinetic Energy.
4. Water flowing from a waterfall before it hits the river below: Before hitting, it has both (falling - kinetic, and had potential from height) → (d) Both forms of Energy.
5. A spring in a pinball machine before it is released has potential energy (stored elastic potential) → (b) Potential Energy.

For Part II (greater potential energy):

1. A car parked on a steep hill has more potential energy than on a flat road (higher height).
2. A book on a high shelf has more potential energy than on a low shelf (higher height).
3. A heavier textbook has more potential energy than a lighter one at the same height (more mass, \(PE = mgh\)).
4. A roller - coaster car at the top of a hill has more potential energy than at the bottom (higher height).
5. A match before it is lit has potential energy (stored chemical), while burning has kinetic (heat/motion) and other forms, so before lighting has more potential.

For Part III (greater kinetic energy):

1. A roller - coaster after completing a loop has more kinetic energy than before (faster speed after loop).
2. A throwing ball with arm all the way back (just before release) has more kinetic energy than when just in the hand (faster speed).
3. A baseball bat just before swinging has more kinetic energy than when storing (about to move, higher speed).
4. You before getting out of bed in the morning (moving) have more kinetic energy than before going to bed (still).
5. A match while burning has more kinetic energy (heat/motion) than before lighting (stored potential).

For Part IV (forms of energy):

• Mechanical (motion) energy: Type - Kinetic (since it's about movement). Example: A moving car.
• Thermal (heat) energy: Type - Kinetic (molecular vibration/movement). Example: Boiling water.
• Radiant energy: Type - Kinetic (electromagnetic waves in motion). Example: Sunlight.
• Electrical energy: Type - Kinetic (electron movement). Example: Current in a wire.
• Chemical energy: Type - Potential (stored in bonds). Example: Battery.
• Nuclear energy: Type - Potential (stored in nucleus). Example: Nuclear reactor fuel.
• Sound energy: Type - Kinetic (wave vibration through material). Example: Music from a speaker.
• Gravitational energy: Type - Potential (energy of position/height). Example: A book on a shelf.

Answer:

Part I

1. (b) Potential Energy
2. (b) Potential Energy
3. (a) Kinetic Energy
4. (d) Both forms of Energy
5. (b) Potential Energy

Part II (Underline the situation with greater potential energy)

1. A car parked on a steep hill
2. A book on a high shelf
3. A heavier textbook (e.g., a college textbook)
4. A roller - coaster car at the top of a hill
5. A match before it is lit

Part III (Underline the situation with greater kinetic energy)

1. A roller - coaster after completing a loop
2. A throwing ball when your arm is all the way back (just before release)
3. A baseball bat just before it is swinging
4. You before you get out of bed in the morning
5. A match while it is burning

Part IV (Table completion)

Form	Definition	Type (KE, PE, or Both)	Example (for each type if both)
Thermal (heat) energy	The vibration and movement of molecules	Kinetic	Boiling water
Radiant energy	Electromagnetic waves	Kinetic	Sunlight
Electrical energy	Movement of electrons	Kinetic	Current in a wire
Chemical energy	Stored in bonds of atoms and molecules	Potential	Battery
Nuclear energy	Stored in the nucleus of an atom; released when nucleus splits or combines	Potential	Nuclear reactor fuel
Sound energy	Vibration of waves through material	Kinetic	Music from a speaker
Gravitational energy	Energy of position or height	Potential	A book on a shelf