Question

in order for a particle in a liquid to turn into a gas at temperature below the boiling point, the particle must...
choose all that apply.

• have only dispersion forces
• have sufficient energy to overcome the intermolecular attractive forces
• must really want to
• they cant. they must be at the boiling point
• be on the surface of the liquid

Explanation:

• "have only dispersion forces": Incorrect. The type of intermolecular forces (not just dispersion) doesn't determine evaporation below boiling point; it's about energy and position.
• "have sufficient energy to overcome the intermolecular attractive forces": Correct. For a liquid particle to evaporate (turn to gas) below boiling point, it needs enough energy to break free from intermolecular attractions.
• "must really want to": Incorrect. This is a non - scientific, anthropomorphic statement.
• "They can't. They must be at the boiling point": Incorrect. Evaporation (liquid to gas below boiling point) is possible (e.g., water evaporating at room temperature).
• "be on the surface of the liquid": Correct. Evaporation (as opposed to boiling) occurs at the surface of the liquid when below boiling point.

Answer:

• have sufficient energy to overcome the intermolecular attractive forces
• be on the surface of the liquid