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Question
navajo hogans were used for traditional navajo healing ceremonies. many of these ceremonies are still practiced today. the items below show the steps involved in a traditional navajo healing ceremony. put the steps in order.
during the ceremony, the hataali would perform songs, dances, and prayers according to the needs of the sick person.
the hataali would plan the ceremony and decide which prayers, songs, and dances would be most useful for healing the sick person.
the navajo believed illness was caused by not living in harmony with nature. when someone became ill, a ceremonial singer called a hataali could be asked to help the person who was ill.
after choosing the songs and dances, the hataali would often create a sandpainting inside of a hogan. sandpaintings were made from materials like crushed minerals, dried plants, and pollen.
after the ceremony, the sandpainting would be destroyed. the power of the sandpainting comes from its creation. once it has been used in a ceremony, it is meant to return to nature.
- First, understand the cause of illness and the role of the hataali: "The Navajo believed illness was caused by not living in harmony with nature. When someone became ill, a ceremonial singer called a hataali could be asked to help the person who was ill." (This is the starting point as it introduces the context of illness and the hataali's involvement.)
- Next, the hataali plans the ceremony: "The hataali would plan the ceremony and decide which prayers, songs, and dances would be most useful for healing the sick person." (Planning comes after being asked to help, as the hataali needs to decide on the elements of the ceremony.)
- Then, create the sandpainting: "After choosing the songs and dances, the hataali would often create a sandpainting inside of a hogan. Sandpaintings were made from materials like crushed minerals, dried plants, and pollen." (Creating the sandpainting happens after planning the songs/dances.)
- During the ceremony, perform the rituals: "During the ceremony, the hataali would perform songs, dances, and prayers according to the needs of the sick person." (This is the actual ceremony, so it comes after preparation like planning and creating the sandpainting.)
- Finally, destroy the sandpainting: "After the ceremony, the sandpainting would be destroyed. The power of the sandpainting comes from its creation. Once it has been used in a ceremony, it is meant to return to nature." (Destruction of the sandpainting is the last step, after the ceremony is over.)
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- The Navajo believed illness was caused by not living in harmony with nature. When someone became ill, a ceremonial singer called a hataali could be asked to help the person who was ill.
- The hataali would plan the ceremony and decide which prayers, songs, and dances would be most useful for healing the sick person.
- After choosing the songs and dances, the hataali would often create a sandpainting inside of a hogan. Sandpaintings were made from materials like crushed minerals, dried plants, and pollen.
- During the ceremony, the hataali would perform songs, dances, and prayers according to the needs of the sick person.
- After the ceremony, the sandpainting would be destroyed. The power of the sandpainting comes from its creation. Once it has been used in a ceremony, it is meant to return to nature.