Question

1. name the following compounds. where necessary use e/z notation.

Explanation:

Name the first compound (top-left)

Using the IUPAC Nomenclature and Organic Chemistry knowledge points

• Identify the longest carbon chain containing the hydroxyl group: 5 carbons (pentane).
• Number the chain to give the \(\text{-OH}\) group the lowest locant: from right to left.
• Carbon 1 is the rightmost methyl, Carbon 2 has the \(\text{-OH}\) group.
• Name: pentan-2-ol.

Name the second compound (top-right)

• Identify the principal functional group: amide.
• The carbonyl carbon is Carbon 1 of the acyl chain.
• The acyl chain has 3 carbons: propanamide.
• Identify substituents on the nitrogen atom: two ethyl groups.
• Name: \(N,N\)-diethylpropanamide.

Name the third compound (bottom-left)

• Identify the longest carbon chain containing the double bond: 6 carbons (hexene).
• Number the chain to give the double bond the lowest locant: from right to left.
• The double bond starts at Carbon 2: hex-2-ene.
• Identify substituents: a methyl group at Carbon 3.
• Determine stereochemistry (\(E/Z\)) at Carbon 2:
• At C2: \(\text{-H}\) (low priority) vs \(\text{-CH}_3\) (high priority).
• At C3: \(\text{-CH}_3\) (low priority) vs \(\text{-CH}_2\text{CH}_3\) (high priority).
• High-priority groups (\(\text{-CH}_3\) on C2 and \(\text{-CH}_2\text{CH}_3\) on C3) are on opposite sides of the double bond: \((E)\) configuration.
• Name: \((E)\)-3-methylhex-2-ene.

Name the fourth compound (bottom-right)

• Identify the principal functional group: carboxylic acid.
• The carbonyl carbon is Carbon 1.
• Count the total carbons in the continuous chain starting from Carbon 1: 4 carbons (butanoic acid).
• Name: butanoic acid.

Answer:

Question 1

• Top-left compound: pentan-2-ol
• Top-right compound: \(N,N\)-diethylpropanamide
• Bottom-left compound: \((E)\)-3-methylhex-2-ene
• Bottom-right compound: butanoic acid