model 1 - molecular compounds
1. fill in the table to indicate the number of atoms of each type in the molecular formula.
2. examine the molecular formulas given in model 1 for various molecular compounds.
a. how many different elements are present in each compound shown?
b. do the compounds combine metals with metals, metals with nonmetals, or nonmetals with nonmetals?
c. based on your answer to b, what type of bonding must be involved in molecular compounds?
3. find all of the compounds in model 1 that have chlorine and fluorine in them. explain why the name \chlorine fluoride\ is not sufficient to identify a specific compound.
4. assuming that the name of the compound gives a clue to its molecular formula, predict how many atoms each of these prefixes indicates, and provide two examples.
mono-
di-
penta-

Question

Accepted Answer

# Explanation:
To solve the problem according to the given table and questions:

## 1. Filling the table:
- For $ClF$: Number of atoms of first element ($Cl$) is $1$, number of atoms of second element ($F$) is $1$.
- For $CO$: Number of atoms of first element ($C$) is $1$, number of atoms of second element ($O$) is $1$.
- For $CO_{2}$: Number of atoms of first element ($C$) is $1$, number of atoms of second element ($O$) is $2$.
- For $Cl_{2}O$: Number of atoms of first element ($Cl$) is $2$, number of atoms of second element ($O$) is $1$.
- For $PCl_{5}$: Number of atoms of first element ($P$) is $1$, number of atoms of second element ($Cl$) is $5$.
- For $N_{2}O_{5}$: Number of atoms of first element ($N$) is $2$, number of atoms of second element ($O$) is $5$.

## 2.
### a.
Each compound in Model 1 has $2$ different elements. For example, $ClF$ has $Cl$ and $F$, $CO$ has $C$ and $O$ etc.

### b.
The compounds combine non - metals with non - metals. For example, $Cl$ (non - metal), $F$ (non - metal) in $ClF$; $C$ (non - metal), $O$ (non - metal) in $CO$ etc.

### c.
Since the compounds are made of non - metals, covalent bonding is involved. Covalent bonding occurs between non - metals where atoms share electrons.

## 3.
Compounds with chlorine and fluorine are $ClF$ and $ClF_{5}$. The name “chlorine fluoride” is not sufficient because there can be different ratios of chlorine and fluorine atoms. For example, $ClF$ has $1:1$ ratio and $ClF_{5}$ has $1:5$ ratio.

## 4.
- **mono -** indicates $1$ atom. Examples: $CO$ (carbon monoxide, $1$ $C$ and $1$ $O$), $ClO$ (if it existed in the context, but in our table $ClF$ can also be considered in terms of the first element count conceptually as $1$ $Cl$ and $1$ $F$).
- **di -** indicates $2$ atoms. Examples: $Cl_{2}O$ (dichlorine monoxide, $2$ $Cl$ atoms), $N_{2}O$ (if in a similar naming system, but in our table $N_{2}O_{5}$ has $2$ $N$ atoms).
- **penta -** indicates $5$ atoms. Examples: $ClF_{5}$ (chlorine pentafluoride, $5$ $F$ atoms), $PCl_{5}$ (phosphorus pentachloride, $5$ $Cl$ atoms).

# Answer:
1.
| Molecular Formula | Number of Atoms of First Element | Number of Atoms of Second Element |
|---|---|---|
| $ClF$ | $1$ | $1$ |
| $CO$ | $1$ | $1$ |
| $CO_{2}$ | $1$ | $2$ |
| $Cl_{2}O$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| $PCl_{5}$ | $1$ | $5$ |
| $N_{2}O_{5}$ | $2$ | $5$ |

2.
a. $2$
b. Non - metals with non - metals
c. Covalent bonding

3. Compounds are $ClF$ and $ClF_{5}$. Because there can be different atom ratios.

4.
- mono -: $1$ atom (e.g., $CO$, $ClF$)
- di -: $2$ atoms (e.g., $Cl_{2}O$, $N_{2}O$ - conceptually)
- penta -: $5$ atoms (e.g., $ClF_{5}$, $PCl_{5}$)

Molecular Formula	Number of Atoms of First Element	Number of Atoms of Second Element
\(CO\)	\(1\)	\(1\)
\(CO_{2}\)	\(1\)	\(2\)
\(Cl_{2}O\)	\(2\)	\(1\)
\(PCl_{5}\)	\(1\)	\(5\)
\(N_{2}O_{5}\)	\(2\)	\(5\)

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

1. Filling the table:

2.

a.

b.

c.

3.

4.

Answer: