Question

limestone is mostly made of sediment and the fossilized remains of ancient marine organisms. shells and exoskeletons. when these organisms die, their mineralized parts sink to the ocean floor and become fossilized. over time, fossilized shells and exoskeletons mix with sediment to form carbon - rich rock in a process called limestone formation. carbon can be stored in limestone for millions of years! determine how carbon moves during each process. complete the table. | | chemical weathering | gas exchange | limestone formation | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | carbon that has moved from the hydrosphere to the biosphere moves on to the geosphere. | | | | | carbon from the atmosphere interacts with the geosphere and then moves to the hydrosphere via runoff. | | | | | carbon moves from the atmosphere to the hydrosphere or from the hydrosphere to the atmosphere. | | | |

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Limestone Formation

Limestone formation involves marine organisms' fossilized parts (from biosphere) mixing with sediment (geosphere) after sinking from hydrosphere. So "Carbon from hydrosphere to biosphere to geosphere" matches limestone formation.

Step2: Analyze Chemical Weathering

Chemical weathering: Atmospheric carbon (atmosphere - geosphere interaction) then moves to hydrosphere via runoff. So "Carbon from atmosphere - geosphere to hydrosphere via runoff" matches chemical weathering.

Step3: Analyze Gas Exchange

Gas exchange is carbon moving between atmosphere and hydrosphere (e.g., \( \text{CO}_2 \) dissolving or releasing). So "Carbon moves between atmosphere and hydrosphere" matches gas exchange.

Answer:

Process Description	Chemical Weathering	Gas Exchange	Limestone Formation
Carbon from atmosphere - geosphere to hydrosphere via runoff	Yes	No	No
Carbon moves between atmosphere and hydrosphere	No	Yes	No

(Mark the circles: For first row, Limestone Formation circle; second row, Chemical Weathering circle; third row, Gas Exchange circle)