Question

lewis structures

on your worksheet, try these elements on your own:
a) h
b) p
c) ca
d) ar
e) cl
f) al

Explanation:

Determine valence electrons

Using the Valence Shell and Lewis Dot Diagrams knowledge points:

• Hydrogen (\(\text{H}\)): Group 1, has 1 valence electron.
• Phosphorus (\(\text{P}\)): Group 15, has 5 valence electrons.
• Calcium (\(\text{Ca}\)): Group 2, has 2 valence electrons.
• Argon (\(\text{Ar}\)): Group 18, has 8 valence electrons.
• Chlorine (\(\text{Cl}\)): Group 17, has 7 valence electrons.
• Aluminum (\(\text{Al}\)): Group 13, has 3 valence electrons.

Draw Lewis structures

Using the Lewis Dot Diagrams knowledge point:

• Place dots around the chemical symbol representing valence electrons.
• Distribute dots singly on four sides before pairing them.

Answer:

The Lewis dot structures for the given elements are represented as follows:

• a) Hydrogen (\(\text{H}\)): Has 1 valence electron.

$$ \text{H}\cdot $$

• b) Phosphorus (\(\text{P}\)): Has 5 valence electrons.

$$ \cdot\ddot{\text{P}}\cdot $$

• c) Calcium (\(\text{Ca}\)): Has 2 valence electrons.

$$ \cdot\text{Ca}\cdot $$

• d) Argon (\(\text{Ar}\)): Has 8 valence electrons.

$$ :\ddot{\text{Ar}}: $$

• e) Chlorine (\(\text{Cl}\)): Has 7 valence electrons.

$$ :\ddot{\text{Cl}}\cdot $$

• f) Aluminum (\(\text{Al}\)): Has 3 valence electrons.

$$ \cdot\dot{\text{Al}}\cdot $$