Question

extra credit: (worth up to +1 point each)

1. complete the chart below, assuming neutral atoms.
2. what is the difference between carbon - 12 and carbon - 13?

Explanation:

Question 1: Completing the Element Chart

To solve this, we use the properties of neutral atoms:

• Atomic number = number of protons (\( p^+ \)) = number of electrons (\( e^- \))
• Mass number = atomic number + number of neutrons (\( n^0 \))

Step 1: Identify Atomic Number and Protons

Atomic number is 27, so \( p^+ = 27 \).

Step 2: Determine Electrons (Neutral Atom)

For a neutral atom, \( e^- = p^+ = 27 \).

Step 3: Calculate Mass Number

Given \( n^0 = 32 \), mass number = \( 27 + 32 = 59 \).

Step 4: Identify the Element

Atomic number 27 corresponds to Cobalt (Co).

Filling the chart:

Element Name	Element Symbol	Atomic Number	\( p^+ \)	\( n^0 \)	\( e^- \)	Mass Number

Question 2: Difference Between Carbon-12 and Carbon-13

Carbon-12 and Carbon-13 are isotopes of carbon.

• Carbon-12: Mass number = 12, atomic number (protons) = 6.

Neutrons = \( 12 - 6 = 6 \).

• Carbon-13: Mass number = 13, atomic number (protons) = 6.

Neutrons = \( 13 - 6 = 7 \).

The difference is in the number of neutrons: Carbon-13 has 1 more neutron than Carbon-12.

Final Answers

1. Element: Cobalt (Co); \( e^- = 27 \); Mass Number = 59.
2. Carbon-13 has 1 more neutron than Carbon-12 (or: difference in neutron count is 1).

Answer:

Question 1: Completing the Element Chart

To solve this, we use the properties of neutral atoms:

• Atomic number = number of protons (\( p^+ \)) = number of electrons (\( e^- \))
• Mass number = atomic number + number of neutrons (\( n^0 \))

Step 1: Identify Atomic Number and Protons

Atomic number is 27, so \( p^+ = 27 \).

Step 2: Determine Electrons (Neutral Atom)

For a neutral atom, \( e^- = p^+ = 27 \).

Step 3: Calculate Mass Number

Given \( n^0 = 32 \), mass number = \( 27 + 32 = 59 \).

Step 4: Identify the Element

Atomic number 27 corresponds to Cobalt (Co).

Filling the chart:

Element Name	Element Symbol	Atomic Number	\( p^+ \)	\( n^0 \)	\( e^- \)	Mass Number

Question 2: Difference Between Carbon-12 and Carbon-13

Carbon-12 and Carbon-13 are isotopes of carbon.

• Carbon-12: Mass number = 12, atomic number (protons) = 6.

Neutrons = \( 12 - 6 = 6 \).

• Carbon-13: Mass number = 13, atomic number (protons) = 6.

Neutrons = \( 13 - 6 = 7 \).

The difference is in the number of neutrons: Carbon-13 has 1 more neutron than Carbon-12.

Final Answers

1. Element: Cobalt (Co); \( e^- = 27 \); Mass Number = 59.
2. Carbon-13 has 1 more neutron than Carbon-12 (or: difference in neutron count is 1).