Question

1. describe some characteristics of three of the worlds major monotheistic religions: judaism, christianity, and islam.

4.3.3 study religion as a social institution
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Explanation:

• Judaism:
• Founder: Considered to be based on the covenant between God and Abraham (not a single founder in the traditional sense like some other religions).
• Comments: Monotheistic. Follows the Torah (first five books of the Hebrew Bible). Has a long - standing connection to the land of Israel. Observes religious laws (mitzvot) such as Sabbath observance, dietary laws (kashrut).
• Christianity:
• Founder: Jesus of Nazareth (though the development of Christianity as a distinct religion also involved the work of early apostles like Paul).
• Comments: Monotheistic. Believes in the Holy Trinity (Father, Son - Jesus Christ, and Holy Spirit). The New Testament is an important part of its scripture, which tells the story of Jesus' life, death, and resurrection. It has many denominations, but core beliefs include salvation through faith in Jesus.
• Islam:
• Founder: Prophet Muhammad.
• Comments: Monotheistic. The Quran is its holy book, which Muslims believe is the literal word of God (Allah). Follows the Five Pillars of Islam: Shahada (declaration of faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca if possible).

Answer:

Religion	Founder	Comments
Christianity	Jesus of Nazareth (with early apostolic work)	Monotheistic. Holy Trinity. New Testament. Salvation through faith in Jesus.
Islam	Prophet Muhammad	Monotheistic. Quran. Five Pillars (Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj).