Question

covalent compounds can be represented by bohr model diagrams and lewis dot structures.

in a lewis dot structure, bonding electrons are represented by a pair of dots or a single line between the atoms. unshared electron pairs around the outside of the atoms are called nonbonding electrons or lone pairs.

select the true statements.
a single line between two atoms represents one shared electron.
there are three lone pairs in a chlorine molecule.
there are two bonding electrons in a chlorine molecule.
a chlorine molecule has 14 total valence electrons.

Explanation:

• For the statement "A single line between two atoms represents one shared electron": In Lewis structures, a single line (a single bond) represents a pair of shared electrons (2 electrons), so this statement is false.
• For the statement "There are three lone pairs in a chlorine molecule": Each Cl atom in \(Cl_2\) has 3 lone pairs. Since there are 2 Cl atoms, but the bonding pair is shared. The total number of lone - pairs in \(Cl_2\) is \(3\times2 = 6\) lone pairs (12 non - bonding electrons). So this statement is false.
• For the statement "There are two bonding electrons in a chlorine molecule": In \(Cl_2\), there is a single bond between the two Cl atoms. A single bond consists of 2 bonding electrons. So this statement is true.
• For the statement "A chlorine molecule has 14 total valence electrons": Each Cl atom has 7 valence electrons. In \(Cl_2\) (\(Cl - Cl\)), the total number of valence electrons is \(7 + 7=14\). So this statement is true.

Answer:

C. There are two bonding electrons in a chlorine molecule.
D. A chlorine molecule has 14 total valence electrons.